EDUCATION SYSTEM AS PER THE WORLD PERIODICAL AND REVOLUTION IN EDUCATION SYSTEM

 

EDUCATION SYSTEM AS  PER THE WORLD PERIODICAL  AND REVOLUTION IN EDUCATION SYSTEM: EDUCATION CULTURE

What is medieval period?

Medieval period consist of three part early period, high period and late period. Normally the period of 5^th century to 15^th century is called as medieval period of the world. During this period many development was occurred and the western culture was spread all over world in late medieval period by way of colonies. During the late medieval period, there were 61 colonies but most important colonies were United Kingdom (British), France, Netherlands, Denmark, Norway, etc

During the early medieval period the empire of Mogol was rulling all over un-divided India.

PRIOR TO MEDIEVAL PERIOD:

The archeologist has not found regarding the education system of Indian during Indus Civilization. After destroyed of Indus Civilization, India divided into small organization or group. The History says that the Chandra Gupta ( Founder of Gupta empire) was the first king of india. During that period India means present days Afginistan, Pakistan, India, Bangladesh and some part of China.  

Prior to the creation of creature, the education was confined with four Veda. As per Indian Mythology, if one person get the full knowledge which has in Veda, that person might me immortal. It is very difficult to get the full knowledge of the same.

Veda is the source of all knowledge and everything is confined in it. Till date, there is nothing which we can say it is out of syllabus (means Veda). During ancient time whole world was depend on un-divided India. Only India was the country with full of knowledge. out of India, other civilization was depend on India and many scholar came to India to learn the knowledge.

India was the full of knowledge in the field of Arts and literature, Science, medicine, mathematics, technology and many more. India was established the first University in the world i.e. TakshaShila  during Chandra Gupta in 300 BC and thereafter Nalanda University during Kumara Gupta-I in 5^th century. These two university was famous in eastern part of world till the construction of Bologna University in 1088

TakshaShila  was finally destroyed by Huns in the 5^th century till then TakshaShila was the only one university in the world and many persons  during the ancient civilization on the western part came to learned the knowledge. Indian gives the concept of education and the stage of education to whole world.

WHAT WAS THE WRITING PROCESS DURING ANCIENT ERA?

The first stage of education is writing. The western part did not know how to write. India is the only country who was given the idea of writing. Generally Indian was used dry Palm leaf as paper and  a pointed metal stylus was used as pen. The education process was like as Gurukul (Ashrama). The particular person who tech to the student   and during that period to be a teacher was a very difficult process and had many criteria to be a teacher.

In India till date also use the palm leaf because it is very difficult to write but once it is written, it is difficult to erase and it is also water proof and it is also terminated free. In present day palm leaf is use for the purpose of Horocope of an invididual. 

The eastern part of world knew the writing process for which many Vedas, manuscript were written on palm leaf. Even  at Takshashila University the writing process was at Palm leaf. The religion and spiritual education expressed by way of oral during the evening hour on the direction of Kind by the messengers for which the elder person can learn.

The follower of Lord Buddha and Lord Jain  expanded their spiritual lesion to others by oral process by visiting every city and town and village. The people inspired the spiritual lesion and diverted to these religions. 

During the ancient civilization, Rome and Greece empire was the much developed civilization. They knew every think and that time is called Iron age because  the iron was discovered. The education system was not started at western part. after 1^st AD the people was started to learned. The way of learning was very difficult and all people could not avail the education.

If we think how the lord Jesus  gave the new light to his follower?

The answer is that during that period, it was very difficult to get write script. Lord Jesus was given the ideology by orally and the follower were followed the said procedure. During that time Christian religion was not in existence and he gave the teaching idea by way of oral or by speech. Who ever think that what lord Jesus told that is correct then he / she follow those rules. So by this process one tradition come to an existence and after the death of Lord Jesus the follower of the Jesus created a new religion with new ideology. And that religion population is in top of the world.  

After the death of lord Jesus, the follower had created the temple which is called Church. The role of Church was the vital role in education system. The Church was not only for prayer place of people but also it was the teaching room. Constantine was the first ruler who converted to Christianity and established many Church during his ruling period and appointed the priest. The Church was the place for Primary and upper primary education place but above that, had no procedure to get higher education.  Therefore they got the only basic principle and basic education like grammar.

    The interested person or any elite class person to desire to achieve the education, those persons were going to Takshashila University. Many people from western civilization came there to get the education. In whole world only one University and whole world depended on that university during 300 BC.

Egyptians given the idea about mastered the art of creating papyrus paper during 3000 BC. Subsequently discovered parchment i.e. animal skins being processed into parchment. This parchment discovered by the Chinese during 200 BC at the time of discover of Candle light. The material for parchment was very difficult and only availed by the elite class of people and King for the purpose of sending of massage, paint on order of King and valuable script. 

Vedic Civilization

After demolition of the Indus Civilization, the another civilization was taken birth in name of Vedic Civilization. The historian says that during this period two epics were written i.e. Ramayan and Mahabharata. During this period no religion was existed except “SANATANA DHARMA”. The name of this Vedic Civilization is derived from the word “Vedas”. According to Hindu Religion, There are four Vedas  i.e. Rigveda, Yajurveda, Samadeda, Atharvaveda. The Vedic Civilization grown along on the bank of the river Saraswati, in a region that now consists of the modern Indian states of Haryana and Punjab. As per the Hindu religion,  Vedic is not only spiritual but also in it have many day to day relationship, medical treatments and about social life of the hindus. This era have more importance over the human life during subsequent period. Mahabharat and Ramayan, these two epics teaches many things and with race, sex, religion, color and countries all are influenced by it and it have grate popularity in whole world.

 

EDUCATION SYSTEM DURING MEDIEVAL ERA

 

The Church played a vital role in medieval education system. The monks of the Church during the Medieval period who continued learning and teaching classical subjects such as grammar, rhetoric and logic. Charlemagne sought to have his subjects educated; he had to turn to the Church. This remained the case not just in France but also elsewhere throughout Europe until at least the High Middle Ages.

The main problem of the education was writing. In European countries  were  used the thick layer of fat of animals and the painter / carpenter made designed / wrote on it with the help of sharp metal. After completion of the said work, they put under the clean and plain cloth and on cloth given pressure till the design or write reflected on the cloths. This process given more costly and time taking.  Therefore  this process was used for the specific purpose of the royal family or elite family.

The main hindrance was the writing process which was solved by the Chinese after discovery of paper during 105 AD. After the discovery of paper, it taken very popular and subsequently developed the process for better and smooth use. Arabs started producing paper after they learned its recipe from Chinese prisoners during 751 AD. .

At eastern part of the world, the people were depended on Takshashila University during 300 BC but when Ariyan civilization Come to India and demolished the entire education system and performed in a new way. After the demolition of Takshashila University during 5^th century, another university was building by King Kumaragupta-I during 5^th century near Rajgiri at present it is Bihar State, India.

In basic schools which were directly associated with basic orders, a wider latitude was exercised in the choice of subjects. Such schools typically taught directly from the rich treasure of Greek and Roman books, often exploring even such subjects as physics, philosophy and botany.

The Medieval education institutions were divided into three types 1.grammar schools,2. Basic schools and 3. University.The first university in medieval era was established during 1088 in Italy which is called now University of Bologna and thereafter University of Oxford is established during 1096 to 1167 by the British Rules. The Spain’s rules is established University of Salamanca during 1134.   Only 5% of European population had formal education by 1330.

During the last part of the Medieval era, the education system largely expanded and many Universities were established in different part of western world. But in eastern world only Nalanda University had the demand and all eastern part of world were depended on it.